Although diseases afflict people in general regardless of gender, women are at times more susceptible to particular diseases compared to men. Certain biological differences can put women at more risk to some health conditions. As such, it is important to become aware of the illnesses that are often nuanced to women.
Top health issues affecting women
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Cardiovascular disease: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), heart diseases are the top cause of death for women. In the United States alone, it leads to the death of 1 in 5 women. Some common symptoms include chest pain/discomfort, pain in the jaw, or pain in the abdomen. Other signs include nausea and fatigue. While some risk factors such as family history and pre-existing conditions like diabetes can exacerbate the likelihood of contracting cardiovascular diseases, some preventative measures can be observed. An important factor is keeping blood pressure at a normal level with the help of a physician. In addition, smoking can increase your odds of heart disease alongside a host of other ailments such as pulmonary conditions. Furthermore, maintaining a healthy lifestyle that includes nutritious food, regular exercise, and manageable stress levels all help combat the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.
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Breast cancer: While it can occur in both sexes, breast cancer occurs mainly in women. Among 197 countries, however, it was discovered by the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society that the country has the highest prevalence of breast cancer. Furthermore, the Philippine Council for Health Research and Development found that one in 13 Filipinas will develop cancer in their lifetime. On the other hand, research and awareness of the disease has helped improve diagnosis and treatment. Early detection and regular screening with a physician through tests like mammograms are also crucial in stopping the disease early. Moreover, self-examinations to inspect any lumps or changes, practicing moderation in drinking alcohol, and a healthy diet can contribute to the reduction of risk.
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Gynecological cancer: Gynecological cancer refers to the type of cancer that can affect the female reproductive organs. Common types include endometrial, cervical, and ovarian cancers. Other types affect the other parts of the female reproductive system such as the fallopian tubes, uterine wall, vulva, vagina, and even placenta. The most common gynecological cancer is endometrial which is caused by an excess of estrogen, a hormone present in women. The most common symptom for such is irregular bleeding before or after menopause, after which one should immediately consult an obstetrician for proper treatment. Once more, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with diet and exercise can help safeguard against this cancer since excess weight can lead to an increased production of estrogen. Ovarian cancer may be less common than endometrial cancer but is more dangerous with a higher mortality rate. Hereditary genetic factors and many ovulation periods often put one at greater risk of this type of illness. Unfortunately, there are no reliable tests to detect the cancer early and some of signs such as loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal discomfort, and bloating manifest in later stages. And once the most common gynecological cancer, cervical cancer targets the lower portion of the uterus. It is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) which is a sexually transmitted disease. Therefore, medical professionals strongly recommend safe sex practices to reduce the transmission of the virus. In addition, vaccines and yearly pap smear tests can lessen the risk for cervical cancer.
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Maternal health issues: Millions of new mothers and children experience serious ailments or die each year from largely preventable and treatable diseases. Safeguarding the health of mothers before, during, and after pregnancy is vital in ensuring the proper development of the next generation and preventing future health problems. As such access to healthcare and medical professionals to provide adequate patient care is absolutely necessary to reduce maternal mortality. Furthermore, antenatal counseling could prevent the contraction of diseases such as tuberculosis and monitor conditions like postpartum depression.
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Depression and anxiety: A study has found that mental health issues like depression are more common in women than men. In developed countries, the prevalence ratio of depression suggests that biological differences can account for the increased incidence of depression in women. Moreover, certain types of depression are unique to women. For instance, new mothers can experience perinatal depression. In addition, women can also experience premenstrual dysphoric disorder and perimenopausal depression. Spotting the signs like persistent sad moods, feelings of hopelessness, fatigue, among many other symptoms is crucial to addressing the condition through professional treatment. Similarly, women have been found to be twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with anxiety in their lifetimes. A sense of impending panic, hyperventilation, and difficulty in concentrating are just some of the many signs of the condition.
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(Sources: Regis College, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Philippine Star, Mayo Clinic, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Boone County Health Department, World Health Organization, Kaiser Family Foundation, National Institute of Mental Health, Anxiety and Depression Association of America)